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produced(英语长难句翻译定状的分层与汉化)

时间:2022-10-29 分类:学习方法 来源:书通网

Kevin教英语

我们今天来学学习状语汉化中的最后以一个规则:

规则四:动词+从句的结构,不变序

我们来看一个简单的例句:

At the time when she decided that she had to go, an accident happened.

我们来看句首的状语

at the time(1介词短语)/ when she decided(2从句) that she had to go(3从句)

按照我们先前的规律,状语的翻译需要倒序,那应该是321,但是这里出现了一个动词+从句的结构“decided that she had to go”,所以,我们的顺序是231

翻译为“在她决定她必须离开的时候,一起事故发生了”

我们再看一个简单的例子:

If he knows what to do, he will not make any mistake.

状语if he knows(1从句)/ what to do(2从句),里面有一个动词+从句的结构,所以我们翻译时不用倒序,直接翻译“如果他知道要去做什么,他就不会犯任何的错误了”

状语的汉化就讲到这里,我们拿个难点的例子实操一下:

Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of business to maximize profits and with the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.

第一步:划分主干

Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and with the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.

主语:demand

谓语:determine

宾语:what引导的宾语从句

第二步:定位定语和状语

thus 状语

in the American economic system 状语

of individual consumers 定语

coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and with the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes 超级复杂的状语(是我们最近学习状语汉化的练习对象)

together 状语

第三步:对定语和状语分层(介词短语,从句或者非谓语)

coupled(1分词结构)/ with the desire(2介词短语) of businessmen(3介词短语) to maximize profits(4不定式结构) and with the desire(5介词短语) of individuals(6介词短语) to maximize their incomes(7不定式结构)

and连接的的234和567是并列结构,所以不变序,综上所述,这个复杂的状语翻译的顺序为:432 765 1(couple with 与...相结合;加上)

第四步:汉化

复杂状语的翻译为“加上最大化利润的商人的欲望和最大化收入的个人的欲望”

整句的翻译为:

“因此,在美国的经济体系中,个体消费者的需求,再加上想要最大化利润的商人的欲望以及最大化收入的个人的欲望,一起都决定了生产的内容和生产时资源的使用方式”

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