What Can We Do About the Water Pollution?
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled: What Can We Do About the Water Pollution? The first sentence has been written for you: Water pollution comes from many sources. Your composition should be about 120 words (not inducing the first sentence given) and based on the following outline (given in Chinese):
1．水污染的主要原因；
2．水污染的危害性；
3．水污染问题的解决办法。
【范文】
What Can We Do About the Water Pollution?
Water pollution comes from many sources. One major source is water products from various industries that are piped into① nearby lakes or rivers. Another is oil or other fuels that spill into② the ocean from barges③ or ships carrying the fuels.
Water pollution is harmful. Industrial wastes have already made many rivers lifeless. Oil spill in the sea is killing enormous numbers of algae④, fish and birds. What is more⑤, polluted water is an increasing danger to public health. It causes people to have diseases such as typhoid⑥ and cholera⑦.
Obviously, water pollution has become a serious problem. What can we do about it in order to survive on earth? First, we must make great efforts to clean up⑧ polluted water and limit further pollution of water. Second, we must insist that water pollution control laws be passed and strictly enforced. Third, we can personally help to prevent water pollution by not throwing trash⑨ or garbage into any stream or lake. Finally, we can also protect ourselves against polluted water. If we go on a camping trip, for instance, we must avoid drinking water that is unsafe to drink and avoid swimming in water that is found to be polluted. By doing so, we will be able to live a healthier and happier life.
【注释】
①be piped into：被排进
②spill into泄入；排入
③barge：平底载货船，驳船
④algae：海藻；藻类
⑤what is more：而且；更有甚者
⑥typhoid：伤寒病
⑦cholera：霍乱
⑧clean up：净化
⑨trash：废物；垃圾
【点评】
本文是一篇关于水污染的根据汉语提纲展开的三段式议论文。全文共分三段，每段分别针对一条提纲展开。首先，作者指出水源污染的原因是多方面的，并进行了举例说明。在第二段，作者首先点明水源污染是有害的，它不仅危害水生物，而且威胁人类健康，导致疾病的发生。在第三段，作者指出解决水污染的一些切实可行的措施：如净化、立法、限制废物排放、自我保护等。在这段中，作者运用了First, Second, Third, Finally等词语，使文章层次分明，脉络清晰。短文最后一句By doing so, we will be able to live a healthier and happier life指明了防治水污染的重大意义，从而对全文进行了高度总结。
参考文献：英语作文高分必背丛书：大学英语四级写作/李华田主编，武汉大学出版社，2005
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